Difference Between Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum and Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum vs. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Endoplasmic Reticulum, or ER, is considered to be an organelle that composes the parts of the cell. The cell is the functional unit of every body. It may be the smallest unit, but it’s the structure that every organ in the body consists of, and without it systems in the body won’t have their functions and structures. ER consists of a communicating network of tubules, cisternae, and vesicles and can be seen in eukaryotic types of cells. A eukaryotic cell is enclosed by a membrane and has a definite bound nucleus. It has two types, the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum, or SER, and Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum or RER. Both share the same importance in the cell’s function.

The main disparity between SER and RER is in their structure. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum is the type of ER that consists of a rough surface and appearance. This is due to the fact that it has a rivet of ribosomes that gives the RER the rough façade whereas the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum doesn’t have this kind of structure embedded within it which gives it the smooth veneer that it possesses. The ribosomes don’t actually permanently attach themselves to the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum. Hence, they attach to RER during protein synthesis only. The subtype of ER is the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum. It is a type of Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum that is located in the striated and smooth muscle. SER, on the other hand, has the ability to transport the manufactured proteins to other parts of the cell and even outside the cell.

Since RER has ribosomes that synthesize protein, it also has the ability to produce insulin in the case of pancreatic cells for white blood cells or leukocytes as it is responsible for the formation of antibodies. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum has a small part in the ER but has a very outstanding role in some cells such as the adrenal cortex, liver, and muscles.

RER produces two types of proteins; amino acids and polypeptides from cytosol which is the interstitial fluid of the cell. It produces protein to provide the substance to secretory vesicles, Golgi bodies, plant vacuoles, endosomes, lysosomes, and for itself while the SER has several functions for the metabolic processes in the body by supplying the surface locale for the enzyme action to occur and functions as the storage venue for a number of important enzymes.

At the post-synthesis of protein period, the RER serves as the quality control manager. It is responsible for checking the quality of the protein it produces, and in instances that its results are defective, then in that case it has the capacity to reject incorrect folding makeup of proteins. Alternatively, SER is very useful in drug detoxification. The receptors attachment on the cell membrane of proteins and protein packaging for the transportation are a few of the numerous important factors of SER. It doesn’t just simply deliver the protein but it also regulates it.

RER can transfer the synthesized product, protein, to the Golgi bodies for further development from the location where the protein will be distributed to its required sites, and it helps store up minerals such as calcium. Inversely, SER is the structure responsible for liberating calcium during the contraction of muscles.

Summary:

1.Endoplasmic Reticulum, or ER, has two types; Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum, or SER, and Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum, or RER. Both share the same importance in the cell’s function.

2.The main disparity between SER and RER is in their structure. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum is the type of ER that consists of a rough surface and appearance whereas the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum doesn’t have this kind of structure embedded within it which gives it the smooth veneer that it possesses.

3.RER has the ability to produce insulin in the case of pancreatic cells and for white blood cells, or leukocytes, and it is responsible for the formation of antibodies. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum has a small part in the ER but has a very outstanding role in some cells such as the adrenal cortex, liver, and muscles.

4.RER produces protein to provide the substance to secretory vesicles, Golgi bodies, plant vacuoles, endosomes, lysosomes, and for itself while the SER has several functions for the metabolic processes in the body.

5.At the post-synthesis of protein period, the RER serves as the quality control manager. Alternatively, SER is very useful in drug detoxification.

6.RER helps store up minerals such as calcium. Inversely, SER is the structure responsible for liberating calcium during the contraction of muscles.

Sharing is caring!